PC firmware, a murky world of interwoven software code that dates back to the original IBM PC and its clones, is about to be modernized.In a move that experts say promises to lead to fewer headaches for IT staff by creating more stable and manageable desktops and notebooks, the PC industry has begun transitioning to the United Extensible Firmware Interface. Dubbed UEFI, the interface offers a standardized way for a PC's firmware, the underlying software that controls its hardware, to interact with the operating system. The new interface offers a standard method for loading an operating system, as well as running pre-boot applications.The action of standardizing those operations promises to cut software conflicts, which affect system stability, and to open doors for new types of management and security software, all of which could make life easier for corporate IT departments, UEFI backers say."This is the biggest thing that has happened to BIOS in 25 years," said Dick Holmberg, a manager inside Dell's Enterprise BIOS Group in Round Rock, Texas. "It's a pretty huge change for an area of the computing industry that definitely doesn't get a lot of attention."Indeed, PC firmware doesn't get the fanfare that comes with the arrival of new processors or operating systems.The arrival of UEFI, which takes over much of the work done by today's BIOS software, marks the first time since its inception that the PC industry is reconsidering how it writes its firmware.UEFI "is going to start as a trickle. It'll probably start so slowly that it won't be noticed," Holmberg predicted.However, what will begin as a trickle of machines in the second half of this year is expected to pick up steam in 2007 as UEFI-specification firmware (a UEFI 2.0 specification is due imminently) populates new PCs. The new specification springs from the United EFI Forum, an industry working group backed by Intel, Advanced Micro Devices, Microsoft, PC makers such as Dell, and several BIOS makers. It builds upon Intel's Extensible Firmware Interface specification 1.1."We believe most of the transition is going to start this summer," said Robert Wise, vice president of product marketing at Phoenix Technologies, a United EFI Forum member, in Milpitas, Calif. The company expects most of its clients to adopt UEFI over the next two to three years.eWEEK.com Special Report: Windows Vista: Microsoft's Longhorn ClientMicrosoft's forthcoming Windows Vista operating system is expected to lead that charge. Vista was designed to work with either EFI- or BIOS-based firmware, Microsoft has indicated.During the transition, there are likely to be several firmware combinations at first, including BIOS-based PCs, EFI 1.1-based machines—which can use a BIOS-compatibility module to run Windows XP or Linux—in addition to UEFI 2.0 machines. However, the UEFI 2.0 specification is expected to be the long-term choice.Given that UEFI 2.0 firmware is said to only boot 64-bit EFI operating systems, the move there isn't expected to gain momentum until 2007, when Windows Vista and 64-bit hardware come together, said Mike Richmond, manager for platform software infrastructure for Intel's Software and Solutions Group, in Hillsboro, Ore.
